Casting ingots.



WILLIAM H. CONNELL, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

CASTING- INGO'IS.

arnese.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 4, 1910.

Application filed January 13, 1910. Serial No. 537,876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IVILLIAM I-I. CONNELL, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Casting Ingots, of which the following is a specification.

The invention herein described relates to a method of producing an ingot having one portion formed of one kind of metal and another portion consisting of the same kind of metal having certain characteristics changed by the addition thereto of a different grade or kind of the same metal or of different kind of metal or alloy.

Generally stated, my improvement consists in pouring one kind of metal into a mold and adding to a portion of such metal in the mold, another grade or kind of metal or alloy, such addition being made while the first metal is being teemed, and preventing the diffusion of the second metal or alloy or its effects to any material degree at any considerable distance away froml the point where it enters the lirst metal.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a top plan view of a mold adapted to the practice of my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the same, showing the manner of teeming the metals into the molds. Figs. 3 and 4 are views similar to Fig. l, illustrating the modifications in the construction of the mold.

In the practice of my invention with the construction of mold shown in Fig. 1, the mold is provided with wings or abut-ments 2 projecting inwardly toward each other and forming a comparatively narrow throat or passageway through which metal of the kind forming the main portion of the ingot will How from one chamber to the other. The position of the wings or abutments will vary in accordance with the desired relative dimensions of the treated and untreated portions of the ingot.

In forming an ingot, the metal to form the base or larger portions of the ingot is poured into one of the chambers or coinpartments of the mold preferably at as great a distance from the throat as possible, so as to prevent as far as possible the agitation due to the falling stream, extending into or through the throat. The metal will flow from the receiving compartment through the throat into the second compartment, into which the other or alloying metal is teemed at the same time and preferably at a point distant from the throat. As the metal is poured into the receiving portion of the mold, there will be a constant How toward the part of the mold into which the treating or alloying metal is added, and hence there will not be any material movement of metal in the reverse direction. It is probable that in some cases a considerable chemical action will occur, such action not being due to a bodily movement of the metal, but occurring independent thereof, so that the effect of the treating metal may be diffused through the throat. The chemical change will occur only or mainly while the metal is highly heated and may be limited by cooling the metal as rapidly as possible in the alloying chamber, in the throat or in both portions. To this end the walls of the alloying chamber or compartment or of the throat or of both portions are provided with passages 3, the walls of which are comparatively thin, so that air or other cooling medium may flow therethrough, and effect a rapid reduction of the temperature of the metal in the alloying chamber or throat or both portions of the mold and thereby check further chemical diffusion.

It is characteristic of my improvement that the base metal or that designed "t0 form the principal ingredient in the finished ingot, is so teemed into the mold that there will be a practically constant movement of such metal from the point where it enters the mold and that the alloying metal is teemed in such manner and in such quantity and at such a point relative to the movement of metal established by the base metal, that there will not be any material interference with such flow, hence the mechanical mixing of the metals will not generally extend any materia-l distance in a direction contrary to the flow established and continued by the teeming of the base metal. It is also characteristic of my invention, that material diusion or extension of the chemical action produced by the addition of the second metal, is reduced by the rapid reduction of the temperature of portions of the ingot.

While it is generally preferred to employ a mold having a contracted passageway or throat portion between the portions of the mold into which the respective metals are teenied, a mold having uniform transverse dimensions, such as shown in Fig. 4, may be employed. The flow from point of entrance of the base metal toward the opposite side of the mold may not be so pronounced as in the other forms of mold, but nevertheless will be sutlicient, it is believed, to prevent any reverse movement being set up by the alloying or treating metal. By teeming the alloying or treating metal at a point closely adjacent to the wall of the mold, the temperature of the mixed metals may be reduced sufficiently to prevent material extension of chemical action, by cooling the wall of the mold most nearly adjacent to the point of entrance of the treating or alloying metal.

I claim herein as my invention:

l. The method of making ingots which consists in so teeming metal into a mold as to establish a tlow of the metal from the point of entrance into the mold, teeming a treating or alloying metal into the mold at a point dist-ant from the entrance of the first metal and establishing a second flow in the direction opposed to that of the tirst metal and by such established flows preventing a material diffusion of the metals one into the other.

' 2. The method of making ingots which consists in teeming two metals in separated streams into a mold in such manner as to establish opposing movements of the metals and by such movements preventing the ditusion of one metal through the other.

3. The method of making 'ingots which consists in teeming two metals in separated streams into a mold in such manner as to establish opposing movements vof the metals and limiting by such opposing movements extension of material chemical action of one metal upon the other from the plane of junction of the metals.

4. The method herein described, which consists in so teeming metal into a mold as to establish a llow of the metal from point ot entrance into the mold, adding a treating or alloying metal at a point distant from the entrance of the first metal, and chilling the mold walls adjacent to the point of entrance of the second metal.

5. 'Ihe method of making ingots which consists in so teeming metal into a mold as to establish a flow of the metal trom the point of entrance into the mold, teeming a treating or alloying metal into the mold at a point distant from the entrance of the lirst metal, and preventing a material diitusion of the second metal toward the point of entrance of the first metal by the flow ot' the iirst metal.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM H. CONNELL.

Witnesses FREDERICK E. WILEY, Roer. J. WHALEN. 

